Endoscopic endonasal approach with extended orbital roof removal for a giant esthesioneuroblastoma: illustrative case

The EEA offers inherent advantages, such as avoiding brain retraction and minimizing invasiveness. With improved understanding of skull base anatomy, the indications for EEA can be expanded beyond traditional limits, including tumors extending lateral to the midorbital line. In appropriate cases, this approach may obviate the need for craniotomy, reducing surgical morbidity. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25914.