Monitoring of agroecological characteristics of agricultural soils of the forest-steppe zone of the Central Region of Russia

The results of agroecological monitoring of arable soils of the municipal formation "Chernyansky district" of the Belgorod region for 2010-2022 are presented. Soil sampling was carried out according to generally accepted methods, and analyzes were carried out in an accredited laboratory. It was established that in 2018-2022 the maximum application of mineral fertilizers was achieved (103.3 kg/ha), the volume of organic fertilizers amounted to 3.5 t/ha. In the XI cycle of agrochemical survey, compared with IX, the weighted average content of organic matter increased by 0.38%, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen – by 14 mg/kg, mobile forms of potassium – by 3 mg/kg, sulfur – by 0.87 mg/kg, phosphorus content decreased by 14 mg/kg. The area of acidic soils decreased by 2.2 times, of which moderately acidic soils decreased by 8.1 times, the pH value increased by 0.26 units, and the value of hydrolytic acidity decreased by 0.78 mmol/100 g. The weighted average content of exchangeable forms of calcium (22.5 mmol/100 g) and magnesium (2.95 mmol/100 g) is assessed as very high and increased. In the XI survey cycle, an increase in copper content was noted by 0.020 mg/kg, and the content of zinc, manganese and cobalt decreased by 0.24, 0.06 and 0.002 mg/kg, respectively. The weighted average content of mobile forms of molybdenum was 0.13 mg/kg, boron – 0.81 mg/kg. The proportion of soils low in mobile forms of copper, zinc, cobalt, manganese and molybdenum was 97.9, 97.7, 99.1, 62.9 and 22.1%, respectively. It is advisable to use microfertilizers on these soils. The yield of the main agricultural crops reached a historical maximum: winter wheat – 5.05 t/ha, sunflower – 3.10, grain corn – 7.57 and soybeans – 2.14 t/ha.