Intraprocedural Management of Pulmonary Embolism Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Treatment, and Ventilatory and Cardiac Support

This review critically examines and summarises the current literature on haemodynamic and respiratory support for pulmonary embolism. It addresses oxygen therapy, fluid therapy, pharmacological support (including vasopressors and inotropes), and mechanical circulatory support options, including veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and right ventricular assist devices. Additionally, it provides the practical aspects of each therapy.