Impact of Public Distribution System on Household Income: Evidence from Barpeta District, Assam

AbstractThis study examines the impact of the Public Distribution System (PDS) on householdincome in Barpeta district of Assam, India. Using primary data collected through structuredfield surveys from 400 randomly selected households across rural and urban areas during2024-25, this research employs multiple regression analysis and propensity score matching toassess the causal effect of PDS participation on household income levels. The findings revealthat PDS beneficiaries experience a statistically significant increase in disposable income byapproximately 8.7% compared to non-beneficiaries, after controlling for household size,education, occupation, and land ownership. The study also identifies significant heterogeneityin impact across income quintiles, with lower-income households experiencing relativelyhigher benefits. Policy implications suggest the need for improved targeting mechanisms andenhanced delivery efficiency to maximize the welfare impact of PDS in the region.