Neurologic Complications of Cardiac Disease and Cardiac Procedures

Because stroke is the most common neurologic complication associated with cardiac disease, most newer pharmacologic agents and interventions have been designed to reduce the risk of cardioembolism, particularly from atrial fibrillation, the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia. Common cardiac procedures such as coronary artery bypass grafting and valve replacement surgery can result in stroke and cognitive decline. Neurologists must be aware of the evolving evidence and tools to mitigate neurologic risks in these patients.