(PNM-27) Vasectomy procedures in the Brazilian public health system: a population-adjusted regional analysis (2014–2023)

Abstract Introduction Vasectomy is an effective and definitive male contraceptive method offered by the Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS). Despite its efficacy, uptake in Brazil remains lower than that of female-oriented methods. This study analyzes regional trends in vasectomy procedures performed within the SUS, with adjustments based on the population of men of reproductive age. Methods Data were obtained from the Ambulatory Information System (SIA/SUS) via the TABNET platform, considering the procedure “Surgical Vasectomy” (code 04.09.04.013-7) from 2014 to 2023. Procedures were aggregated by geographic region. Estimates of the male population aged 25 to 59 years (IBGE) were used to calculate adjusted rates per 100 000 inhabitants. Results Approximately 143 000 vasectomies were performed during the study period. The highest average annual volume was recorded in the Southeast Region (9589 procedures/year), followed by the South and Central-West regions. The North and Northeast had the lowest volumes. After adjusting for population size, the average vasectomy rate was 46.9/100000 men in the Southeast, 40.4 in the South, 29.3 in the Central-West, 9.5 in the North, and 4.5 in the Northeast. Discussion Population-adjusted analysis revealed more pronounced disparities than absolute counts. Northern and Northeastern regions showed markedly lower rates, suggesting barriers beyond population size, including structural, cultural, or access-related factors. These findings underscore the need for targeted public policies to expand access to male reproductive health services and promote equity in family planning within the SUS. Financing No conflict.