Co-Developing a Culturally Responsive, Theory-Informed Dyadic Mind–Body Intervention to Improve Sleep and Wellbeing in People with Dementia and Their Caregivers in the UK

<b>Background:</b> Sleep disturbances are common in dementia and adversely affect both the person with dementia and their caregiver. Non-pharmacological options exist but are seldom dyadic or culturally tailored, limiting their reach and relevance across diverse communities. <b>Objective:</b> We aimed to co-develop DREAM (Dyadic Resilience, Engagement, Awareness & Mind-body intervention)-an 8-week dyadic mind-body programme (mindfulness + gentle Tai Chi) for improving sleep and wellbeing in people with dementia and their caregivers. <b>Methods:</b> The process was informed by Intervention Mapping (Stages 1-4) and underpinned by established behaviour change frameworks, including the Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW), the COM-B model (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation → Behaviour), and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), to systematically identify determinants of engagement. Co-design involved dementia-caregiver dyads, Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) contributors, clinicians, mind-body practitioners, and community stakeholders. <b>Results:</b> The intervention was co-developed and culturally grounded through engagement with White British, Caribbean, Chinese, and South Asian communities. Participants reported high cultural resonance, endorsing DREAM's concise practices, caregiver-supported home routines, and delivery in trusted community venues. Behavioural insights highlighted the importance of motivational framing (perceived dyadic benefits, cultural meaning), practical enablement (simplified guidance, prompts/cues, environmental restructuring), and caregiver facilitation to support adherence. <b>Conclusions:</b> DREAM demonstrates the practicability of using Intervention Mapping to co-develop a culturally responsive, theory-informed dyadic mind-body intervention for people with dementia and their caregivers. This groundwork supports progression to a feasibility trial focused on implementation processes and preliminary sleep and wellbeing outcomes.