Neurofibromatosis type I -related severe aplastic anemia: an unusual association with a complicated bone marrow transplantation course

Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a life-threatening condition characterized by bone marrow failure, requiring immunosuppressive therapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Neurofibromatosis type I (NF1) is an autosomal dominant disorder with diverse systemic manifestations. Herein, we report a pediatric patient with unusual coexisting SAA and NF1 who underwent HSCT, facing multiple infectious and hematologic complications. This case highlights the challenges of managing immunosuppression, infections, and engraftment complications in such a rare clinical scenario.