Review of Modelling and Prediction Methods for Flanking Transmissions

This review provides a comprehensive assessment of modelling techniques for flanking transmission, with a primary focus on building acoustics. The discussion is organised into three main parts. First, methods that address the full vibro-acoustic problem are examined, distinguishing between deterministic approaches—such as the Finite Element Method, spectral formulations, and modal techniques—and statistical approaches, in particular, Statistical Energy Analysis. Second, simplified characterisation methods for flanking transmission paths are reviewed, with emphasis on the EN 12354 framework for heavy structures and subsequent adaptations for lightweight constructions. Third, the parameters commonly used to characterise vibration transmission at structural junctions are introduced, followed by an extensive review of junction-level models. These include wave-based formulations, finite-dimension models suitable for low and mid frequencies, and simplified regression-based expressions intended for practical design workflows. The review concludes with a curated compilation of experimental data available in the literature.