Effects of cranioplasty with customized 3D titanium mesh plates on postoperative complications and neurological outcomes following traumatic brain injury or stroke: a single-center retrospective study

Early 3D titanium mesh CP, performed within three months after DC in TBI or stroke patients, appears to be a safe procedure without an increased incidence of postoperative complications or poor neurological prognosis. Conversely, delayed CP exceeding three months post-DC may increase the hydrocephalus's likelihood. Patients experiencing intraoperative dural depression during CP should be closely monitored for the potential development of postoperative epidural effusion. Additionally, those undergoing bilateral CP are at greater risk for wound dehiscence and infection. Compared to individuals with TBI-induced DC, stroke patients undergoing CP tend to exhibit poorer neurological recovery.