Optimization of HTS Coils for Sustainable Magnets Applied to Particles Therapy

Particle therapy is a very promising radiation treatment capable to irradiate tumours with millimetres precision and therefore to spare the neighbouring healthy tissues. The proton therapy market size is expected to keep growing in the next decade, but the size and initial cost still need to face challenges. High Temperature Superconductors (HTS) could be a possible way to enable particle treatment with a reduction of the facility size and the operational costs. However, the extraction of Rare-Earth materials such as the ones used for the most commercialized HTS tapes is extremely pol luting if compared to copper. In that sense, when designing a mag net for an emerging technology, it is important to minimize the environment impact by minimizing the size of the coil. This paper, with the help of a case study, aims at showing how the CO<sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub>-eq emissions can change as a function of design parameters, such as the current margin and the operative temperature. These emissions are then compared to the ones due to the power consumption. The study is based on the energy selection dipoles of Gantry 1 beamline at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI).