Quantitative analysis of the effects of BTC and related synthesis factor optimization on the performance of MIL-100(Fe)

As a prominent member of the metal-organic frameworks family and a focal point in nanocarrier research, MIL-100(Fe) offers significant potential for enhancing derivative products through performance improvements achieved via optimized hydrothermal synthesis methods. This study addresses the selection of synthesis parameters-a topic long overlooked in hydrothermal methodologies-by systematically exploring the impact of various synthesis factors on the structure and performance of MIL-100(Fe). Single-factor experiments revealed that increasing the molar ratio of Fe³⁺to BTC from 0.67 to 0.8 resulted in increases of over 60% and 170% in the specific surface area<i>S</i>_BETand pore volume (<i>V</i>_p) of MIL-100(Fe), respectively. While maintaining other conditions constant, the effects of the Fe/HF ratio, Fe/HNO₃ratio, hydrothermal temperature, and activation temperature on the nanoparticle size, median diameter (<i>D</i>₅₀),<i>S</i>_BET, pore volume, and average pore diameter of MIL-100(Fe) were examined. The results indicate that MIL-100(Fe) exhibits optimal performance with a composition ratio of Fe:BTC:HF: HNO₃= 1:0.8:3:0.6, a hydrothermal reaction temperature of 175 °C, and an activation temperature of 160 °C.