Finite element modeling of convective dynamics in radiative Casson fluids over electrically conductive inclined Riga surface with non-uniform suction and heat source effects

The non-Newtonian fluid plays a crucial part in a wide range of uses, likely optimizing cooling technologies in electronic devices, improving drug delivery systems, and enhancing thermal management in reactors. However, the flow over the conducting Riga plate is used in controlling thermal and concentration boundary layers, which offers potential improvements in energy efficiency. The primary objective of the proposed analysis is to examine the radiative time-dependent buoyancy-driven Casson fluid across an electrically conducting slanted Riga plate, considering the impacts of a heat source and variable suction. For the thermal and solute transport phenomena, the effect of heat dissipation, thermal radiation, and chemical reaction is considered. The utilization of suitable dimensionless quantities plays a role in converting the governing equations into a set of partial differential equations in non-dimensional form. Further, these are numerically solved by utilizing the Finite Element Method in the Galerkin Weighted Residual Approach (FEM-GWRA) with linear interpolation functions. The variation of several characterizing parameters is presented through graphs. The significant outcomes include the Casson parameter and titled angle controls momentum boundary layer, while thermal diffusion and mass diffusion contribute to the mass and energy boundary layer thickness accordingly. However, the important findings are that the non-Newtonian Casson parameter manifests in two ways on the velocity distribution, and it favors a significant hike in the speed of the fluid close to the surface, but when the domain grows, the profile attenuates significantly. More precisely, the heavier species, along with the reacting parameter, act as a controlling parameter in restricting the fluid concentration. The validation of the current outcomes is also disclosed in good correlation in comparison with earlier investigations.