Evaluating the value and risks of endoscopic full-thickness resection for giant duodenal hamartomas

Fig. 4 a A giant mass at the bulb-descending junction with a smooth surface, focally coarse mucosa, and erythematous, eroded mucosa at the head; the tumor prolapses into the descending duodenum.b Complete resection of the lesion via full-thickness resection.c Hemostatic forceps applied to vessel stumps at the wound site; the defect was closed using a combination of the through-the-scope twin clip and clips.d The gross specimen of the resected lesion, measuring approximately 9.0 cm 3.5 cm. Fig. 5 H&E staining (10 4) of the duo- denal Brunner gland hamartoma.H&E, hematoxylin and eosin. These authors contributed equally.