Emotional Exhaustion and Compassion Fatigue Among Healthcare Professionals: A Post-Pandemic Assessment of Occupational Well-Being.

The COVID-19 pandemic intensified psychological pressures on healthcare professionals, leading to unprecedented levels of emotional exhaustion and compassion fatigue across global health systems. As frontline workers navigated increased workloads, moral distress, trauma exposure and persistent uncertainty, their occupational well-being was significantly compromised. This study provides a post-pandemic assessment of emotional exhaustion and compassion fatigue among healthcare professionals, examining the underlying predictors, consequences and protective factors that shape their experiences. A mixed-methods research design was adopted, combining survey-based quantitative analysis with qualitative insights from semi-structured interviews. Validated tools, including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Professional Quality of Life Scale (ProQOL), were used to measure key constructs. The findings reveal elevated post-pandemic levels of emotional exhaustion, strong associations between secondary trauma exposure and compassion fatigue, and significant effects of workload, moral distress and organizational climate on well-being outcomes. Qualitative themes highlight sustained psychological burden, reduced emotional reserves, and long-term impact on empathy, decision-making and patient interaction. The study underscores the need for comprehensive, multi-level interventions—such as supportive leadership practices, reflective supervision, workload management and accessible mental health resources—to restore and maintain clinician well-being in the post-pandemic era. Strengthening system-level support and embedding sustainable well-being policies are essential to safeguarding healthcare workforce resilience, patient safety and overall health system performance.