Eosinophilic esophagitis in children: Clinical perspectives and evolving therapeutic strategies

Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, antigen-mediated inflammatory condition of the esophagus, characterized by signs of esophageal dysfunction and characteristic endoscopic and histological features. Currently, EoE has developed from a rare disease entity to a prevalent condition with a rising incidence and prevalence in children. Over the past few decades, a deeper understanding of the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of EoE has led to better diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. Pediatric patients with EoE face a diagnostic dilemma due to a wide spectrum in symptomatology as well as limited pharmacological armamentarium. Emerging literature is showing promise, especially with dupilumab, a newer biologic with disease modifying potential. In this review we discussed new diagnostic and treatment strategies and future directions of monitoring EoE in children.