Case Report: A concomitant case of eosinophilic granuloma of the spine and Fasciola hepatica infection of the liver in a young patient, and review of the literature

Eosinophilic granuloma (EG) is a benign osteolytic bone lesion and is a localized form of Langerhans cell histiocytosis, most commonly involving the skeletal system. EG is a rare tumor, and involvement of the spine is low. Fascioliasis is a zoonotic disease caused by Fasciola species. The concomitant occurrence of EG and <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> infection is very rare. We report the clinical case of a young man (22 years old) who presented with acute pain in the dorsum. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a T9 vertebra lesion that was hypointense on T1-weighted images and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Computerized tomography demonstrated an osteolytic bone lesion in the T9 vertebra. Meanwhile, Doppler ultrasound of the liver displayed multiple echo groups in the bile duct, which suggested <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> infection. The lesion was removed by posterior surgery, during which gray-brown granulation tissue was noted in the T9 vertebra. Histological and immunohistochemical indices confirmed the diagnosis of the EG. Ectopic spinal localization of Fasciola was reported. This case presented a concomitant EG of the T9 vertebra and <i>Fasciola hepatica</i> infection in the liver, which must be distinguished by surgical resection and pathological evaluation.