Sustainable Development of Iron–Air Batteries as Long‐Duration Energy Storage Systems: The Key to Improving the Redox Kinetics of Iron‐Based Anode

ABSTRACT The long‐duration energy storage (LDES) technologies are being developed to cope with the inherent intermittency of solar and wind power as renewable sources. Iron–air batteries (IABs), which leverage earth‐abundant iron and oxygen, have emerged as a transformative LDES solution due to their ultralow projected cost, inherent non‐flammability, exceptional theoretical energy density, and minimal environmental footprint. This review begins with an overview of the fundamental principles and technical development history of IABs, followed by a comprehensive analysis of their current research landscape. In particular, ongoing challenges and advances in critical components including metal electrodes, electrolytes, and cell structures have been focused on to provide insights into redox kinetics‐improving the mechanism of iron‐based anode. These advances facilitate the scaling up of IABs and their integration with renewable infrastructure, thereby advancing the sustainable development of renewable energy.