Anti‐Glioma Activity of Artejasminolide Isolated From <i>Artemisia argyi</i> Based on Bioactivity Evaluation and Network Pharmacology

Seven terpenoids were isolated from Artemisia argyi leaves, including one new triterpenoid featuring a unique terminal diagonal methoxy-substituted side chain and six known analogues. Their structures were confirmed by NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectral analyses, and the absolute stereochemistry of Compound 1 was elucidated via x-ray diffraction analysis. Bioassays revealed that 2 exhibited cytotoxicity against U251 glioma cells (IC₅₀ = 5.6 µM) and potently abrogated cell migration and invasion in a dose-proportional manner by suppressing PI3K/AKT/mTOR phosphorylation, as confirmed by Transwell and Western blot analyses. Bioinformatics analysis further suggested EGFR as a potential upstream target mediating these effects. These findings indicated A. argyi as a possible source of bioactive terpenoids with anti-glioma potential, providing a theoretical basis for further pharmacological studies.