Clusters of PBHs in a Framework of Multidimensional f(R)-Gravity

We investigate primordial black hole (PBH) production via the collapse of supercritical domain walls in a quadratic f(R)-gravity model with tensor extensions. The effective field theory for an extra space’s scalar curvature provides a foundation for the formation of these dense walls. In our work, domain walls are found to be supercritical. Their properties were extensively studied in the literature, where it was demonstrated that they create wormholes and escape into baby universes through them. Closure of the wormhole leads to black hole creation, providing a mechanism for the production of primordial black holes in our model. We calculate the mass spectrum of such black holes and mass distribution within clusters of them. When accretion is accounted for, the black holes produced under this mechanism present viable dark matter candidates.