The history and evolution of pediatric ophthalmology training: celebrating 50 years of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

In recognition of the 50th anniversary of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS), we present the history and evolution of pediatric ophthalmology and strabismus training in the United States and Canada. Using historical records, AAPOS charter member interviews, and a program director survey, we present the timeline of key events and our training history. Pioneers in Canada and the United States established the first pediatric ophthalmology preceptorships. These preceptorships and the programs founded by their trainees evolved into modern fellowship programs. Pediatric ophthalmology was the first ophthalmic subspecialty, and its training programs, meetings, and journal became the model for ophthalmologic subspecialty education. This structure has produced hundreds of pediatric ophthalmologists, whose shared research and training have led to improved visual outcomes for children worldwide. Understanding this history is important for current and future pediatric ophthalmologists.