Prevention of biliary complications following living donor liver transplantation in Central Asia: a single-centre experience from Kazakhstan

In this Central Asian LDLT cohort, multiple bile ducts and male sex were independent risk factors for biliary complications, which were associated with poorer long-term survival. Careful preoperative biliary evaluation, preservation of ductal blood supply, and tailored reconstruction techniques are critical to reducing biliary morbidity and improving outcomes following LDLT.