Digital and tomographic identification of risk indicators for gingival recession in the mandibular anterior region: A cross‐sectional study

Gingival recession, the apical migration of the gingival margin, is a common condition with implications for dental sensitivity, esthetics, and long-term periodontal health. The lower anterior region is particularly susceptible, yet the anatomical and clinical factors contributing to this vulnerability are not fully defined using digital tools. In this cross-sectional study of 103 patients (618 teeth), we integrated clinical examination, digital intraoral scanning, and CBCT to quantify soft and hard tissue characteristics. Recession was present in 70.9% of patients and 38.3% of teeth, predominantly affecting the central incisors. Multivariable analysis identified five independent risk indicators: older age, tooth type, tooth malposition, reduced keratinized tissue width, and buccal bone dehiscence. Recession depth increased with age and dehiscence severity. These findings underscore the critical role of both soft and hard tissue anatomy in determining susceptibility to gingival recession, providing a framework for risk assessment, preventive strategies, and individualized treatment planning in clinical practice.