Porous-Architecture-Driven Performance of Electrospun SnO2 Nanofibers for Reliable H2S Detection

Pure SnO2 nanofibers were synthesized via an electrospinning method and subsequently calcined at 550 °C to investigate the structure–property relationship governing H2S gas sensing performance. X-Ray diffraction confirmed the formation of the crystalline rutile-type SnO2. FE-SEM and TEM methods revealed a hierarchically porous morphology with fiber diameters ranging from 70 to 160 nm. BET measurements indicated a high specific surface area of 75 m2/g, consistent with the observed porous architecture. Gas sensing measurements toward H2S revealed a pronounced response value of 25 at 200 °C with the response time of 23 s, both superior to those recorded for acetone, ethanol, and hydrogen. The enhanced sensitivity and dynamic response are attributed to the large surface area and interconnected porous network of the nanofibers, which provide the abundant active sites and facilitate efficient gas diffusion.