Dielectric behavior characterization and modeling of ternary composites (epoxy resin - barium titanate - oxides) using mixing laws

In this article, the objective is to investigate and model the dielectric behavior of ternary composites made with epoxy resin (RE), barium titanate (BaTiO3 or BT) and one of three oxides (ZnO, CaO, or MnO2) on a wide range of frequency ranging from DC up to 30 GHz using time domain spectroscopy (TDS). The study also examines how the type of filler and its volume fraction influence the behavior of this composite. The obtained results demonstrate strong agreement between the experimental values of the ternary mixture dielectric permittivity and the theoretical models deduced from the modified Lichtenecker law (MLL) and the proposed Bottreau's law (BL). In addition to that, the BL has contributed to the best matching with the experimental data. This conclusion is supported by the minimal relative errors observed, with an average value of 0.0344% for RE-BT-CaO, 0.0172% for RE-BT-ZnO, and 0.0554% for RE-BT-MnO2. This research interest lies on new materials production for microelectronic applications, particularly in circuit components miniaturization (filters, substrates, antennas, cavities, etc.).