The cost and cost drivers of delivering COVID-19 vaccines in low- and middle-income countries: a bottom-up costing study of rollouts in seven countries
Our findings demonstrate how under-resourced health systems managed to deliver massive amounts of vaccines with relatively few resources. However, they also expose significant gaps and inefficiencies, and underscores the need to invest in resilient health systems to improve future pandemic responses.
Authors
- C. Cuevas
- Pierre Akilimali (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3828-6214)
- Md. Tarek Hossain (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7312-9452)
- Flavia Moi
- Chien Chinh Vien
- Carl Schütte
- Jeremie E. De Guzman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0457-0110)
- Laura Boonstoppel (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8617-6706)
- A Yesmin
- Hong Thi Duong (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-8870)
- Kelsey Vaughan
- Rafael Deo Estanislao
- Pedro Marizane Pota
- Okello Ayen Daniel
- Primrose Nakazibwe
- Tozé Namalela
- Cathbert Tumusiime
- Sarah De Los Reyes
- Minh Van Hoang
- Van Kien Nguyen
- Amélia Dipuve
- Monjurul Islam
- Christina Banks
- Elise Smith
- Rachel Archer
- Paul Kiggundu
- Charlotte Muheki
Institutions
- Eduardo Mondlane University (MZ)
- Ateneo de Manila University (PH)
- Kampala Capital City Authority (UG)
- University of Manila (PH)
- Ndejje University (UG)
- University of Kinshasa (CD)
- National Institute Of Hygiene And Epidemiology (VN)
- Olink (United States) (US)
- National Oilwell Varco (United Kingdom) (GB)
- Directorate General of Health Services (BD)
- Ministry of Health (MZ)
- International Hospital Kampala (UG)
- Hanoi University (VN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- PLoS ONE
- Published
- 2026-02-02
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0341964
- Primary Topic
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00