Physiological responses to low-intensity stationary cycling with intermittent positive and negative pressure an exploratory study

Background: This study evaluated the physiological responses to intermittent positive and negative pressure (IPNP) in 17 healthy, recreationally active individuals (10 males, average age 33.1 years, mean BMI 26.1 kg/m²) during stationary, upright cycling. Methods: We assessed acute IPNP effects on heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure, and cardiovascular responses during moderate-intensity exercise. Participants engaged in two exercise modalities: Monark cycle ergometry (Mc) and cycling with IPNP, ranging from ±15 to ±25 Mbar. Results: Results indicated normal physiological responses in heart rate and systolic blood pressure (SBP) from rest to peak exercise in both modalities. A non-significant difference in SBP was observed during Mc compared to IPNP. Significant differences in mean arterial pressure were noted during recovery from IPNP cycling, highlighting a distinct cardiovascular response. HR increased in both conditions during exercise, with a more pronounced increase during Mc. Comfort and perceived exertion revealed no significant differences between the two modalities, indicating the potential acceptability of IPNP therapies. Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into cardiovascular dynamics during stationary cycling with intermittent positive and negative pressure and highlights key physiological responses that warrant further investigation.