Cultivating Resilience: Sustainable Plant Virus Control in Iraq’s Agricultural Landscape

This article explores the advancements in the management of plant viruses in the context of Iraq’s agricultural system, highlighting the transition from basic practices, like the use of virus-free seeds, to more sophisticated methods. It underscores the role of induced systemic resistance (ISR) and plant extracts in enhancing natural plant defenses, offering an eco-friendly and sustainable solution. Vector management is also emphasized as a critical strategy to prevent viral spread. The discussion also considers the indirect role of chemicals and antibiotics in enhancing plant health rather than directly combating viruses. Future work should focus on researching alternative elicitors, developing resistant crop varieties through advanced technologies, and refining integrated pest management with precision tools. Additionally, understanding vector ecology and assessing the environmental impact of viral management practices will inform sustainable agriculture efforts. These strategies aim to enhance Iraq’s food security by effectively managing plant viral diseases while aligning with environmental sustainability.