Intersubject variability in a comprehensive numerical assessment of operator electromagnetic exposure to TMS

Operator exposure to TMS is influenced by both coil positioning and individual anatomical characteristics. While increasing distance ensures compliance and reduces variability, closer configurations may require tailored assessments or mitigation strategies. These findings highlight the importance of considering inter-subject variability in the evaluation of operator exposure and suggest that anatomical models may underestimate variability in real clinical contexts. A limitation of this study is the assumption of a static operator not manually holding the coil, a common condition in clinical practice that warrants further investigation.