Molecular Detection of Pathogenic Leptospira in Rodents: A Zoonotic Threat in Bogor District, Indonesia

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonotic disease with high mortality rates, particularly in tropical regions. Rodents are the primary reservoirs of pathogens and play a critical role in transmitting the pathogens to humans. This study aimed to assess rodent population density and detect pathogenic Leptospira in rodents captured in three villages in Bogor District. An observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Kota Batu, Mekar Jaya, and Parakan villages in September 2021. Rodents were captured using a single trap method over 15–16 hours 150 traps placed across the three villages. Captured rodents were identified by species, and their kidneys were dissected for molecular examination. Pathogenic Leptospira were detected using the ii-PCR method. A total of 88 rodents were captured, with Rattus tanezumi (54.5%) being the dominant species, followed by Bandicota indica (21.6%), Rattus norvegicus (20.5%), and Mus musculus (3.4%). Pathogenic Leptospira was detected in 22% of rodent kidneys, with Bandicota indica exhibited the highestinfection rate (68.4%). These findings underscore the need for improved rodent population control and increased public awareness of leptospirosis risks. Further studies are recommended to map the distribution and risk factors of Leptospira transmission in this region.