Energy Consumption Model for Urban Public Transport

This study analyzes and compares the energy and environmental performance of two technologies for urban public transportation: battery electric buses (BEVs) and hydrogen fuel cell buses (FCEVs). The objective is to evaluate efficiency and CO₂ emissions under realistic operating conditions. The analysis was carried out on three real urban routes located in the eastern area of the city of Naples. To achieve this goal, a numerical model was developed and implemented in MATLAB, capable of simulating vehicle dynamics with high temporal resolution. This approach enabled a detailed and reliable assessment, providing useful insights to support the planning of sustainable urban mobility solutions.