Refining Bioequivalence Assessment of Topical Drug Products for Local Action: A Comparative Analysis of Tape Stripping Methodologies

Tape stripping (TS) is a minimally invasive technique that enables in vivo assessment of drug uptake in the skin of human subjects. Whilst appropriate for evaluating the bioequivalence (BE) of topical formulations, methodological variations persist, especially regarding the inclusion of clearance time measurements. This manuscript compares the TS protocols described in several publications, including the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Japanese guidance, containing information relating to the evaluation of utility, practicality, and scientific validity. Evidence suggests that for drugs acting locally in the skin, clearance measurements that require time-consuming practical manipulation and subsequent complex data processing offer limited value, whereas single time point uptake studies, which are more convenient and expedient, may suffice for regulatory BE assessments. This discussion offers practical guidance for BE assessment of topical dermatological products and a more expedient approach using a single time point uptake study protocol, obviating the need for clearance time assessments.

Authors

Institutions

Publication Details

Journal
Pharmaceutics
Published
2026-02-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics18020194
Primary Topic
Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
0.00
Controls
|||
ALL TIME
JAN
FEB
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
article

Refining Bioequivalence Assessment of Topical Drug Products for Local Action: A Comparative Analysis of Tape Stripping Methodologies

Seeprarani Rath, Isadore Kanfer
Pharmaceutics
Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
article

Refining Bioequivalence Assessment of Topical Drug Products for Local Action: A Comparative Analysis of Tape Stripping Methodologies

Seeprarani Rath, Isadore Kanfer
article en

Abstract

Tape stripping (TS) is a minimally invasive technique that enables in vivo assessment of drug uptake in the skin of human subjects. Whilst appropriate for evaluating the bioequivalence (BE) of topical formulations, methodological variations persist, especially regarding the inclusion of clearance time measurements. This manuscript compares the TS protocols described in several publications, including the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and Japanese guidance, containing information relating to the evaluation of utility, practicality, and scientific validity. Evidence suggests that for drugs acting locally in the skin, clearance measurements that require time-consuming practical manipulation and subsequent complex data processing offer limited value, whereas single time point uptake studies, which are more convenient and expedient, may suffice for regulatory BE assessments. This discussion offers practical guidance for BE assessment of topical dermatological products and a more expedient approach using a single time point uptake study protocol, obviating the need for clearance time assessments.

PharmaceuticsVol. 18(2)
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey (US), University of Toronto (CA), Rhodes University (ZA)
Openalex Percentile: Top 69%
Advancements in Transdermal Drug Delivery
AI Navigator

Ask Laika to Summarize, Analyze, and Connect papers live on the map.

Summarize Papers & Methodologies

Extract key findings, datasets, and comparative methods across publications.

Benchmark Rankings & Visual Analytics

Rank top research institutions, authors, funders, topics, and journals by Field-Weighted Citation Impact (FWCI) and paper volume with instant charts.

Connect Distant Disciplines

Bridge topological clusters on the map to find hidden collaborative intersections.