Moisture Content and Soluble Solids in Apis Mellifera L. Honeys from Family Beekeeping in the Semiarid Region of Pernambuco

Abstract; In a context marked by edaphoclimatic constraints and high socioeconomic and environmental vulnerability, beekeeping has consolidated as an economically viable, socially inclusive, and environmentally sustainable productive alternative in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, particularly within family farming systems embedded in the Caatinga biome. This study aimed to evaluate the physicochemical quality of honey produced in the hinterland of Pernambuco by analyzing moisture content (%) and total soluble solids (°Bx) in Apis mellifera L. honeys from different municipalities of the semi-arid region. A total of 20 honey samples (HS) were analyzed using a digital refractometer, based on the parameters established by the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture Normative Instruction MAPA No. 11/2000 and reference values reported in the scientific literature. The results indicated that most samples exhibited moisture contents within the legal limits, while °Bx values revealed a high concentration of soluble sugars, a characteristic associated with mature honeys and good physicochemical stability. The observed variability was related to climatic conditions, beekeeping management practices, comb capping time, and the floral origin of the regional apicultural pasture. The study highlights the feasibility of using digital refractometers as an accessible and effective tool for honey quality monitoring, enabling early detection of deviations, adoption of corrective management practices, and reduction of fermentation losses. Thus, the use of this technology contributes to strengthening family beekeeping in the semi-arid region by promoting the supply of honey with higher quality and food safety.