Prospective observational study to compare perfusion index and cremasteric reflex as indicators of onset of caudal block

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of PI and cremasteric reflex (CR) in assessing the onset of caudal block. Material and Methods: Using convenience sampling, eligible participants as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Baseline and post-sedation readings of mean arterial pressure (MAP), PI, and CR were taken, standard general anesthesia protocol was followed, and a caudal block was given. MAP, CR, and PI values were monitored and documented at 1 min intervals for 10 min. The loss of CR and doubling time from baseline PI were considered as the onset of caudal block, and the time required was compared. Results: The mean time to loss of CR and time required for PI to double were 7.17 min and 4.04 min, respectively. The average time of PI doubled post-caudal was significantly lower than the time to loss of CR ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: PI is a more efficacious, non-invasive, objective, and a feasible parameter that gives an earlier indication of caudal block onset. Change in MAP is not proven to be a reliable indicator of the onset of caudal block.

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Publication Details

Journal
Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research
Published
2026-02-02
DOI
https://doi.org/10.25259/aujmsr_45_2025
Primary Topic
Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
Type
article
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article

Prospective observational study to compare perfusion index and cremasteric reflex as indicators of onset of caudal block

Kalyani Nilesh Patil, Anish Kowstubh, Madhuri Sanjeev Madhekar
Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research
Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
article

Prospective observational study to compare perfusion index and cremasteric reflex as indicators of onset of caudal block

Kalyani Nilesh Patil, Anish Kowstubh, Madhuri Sanjeev Madhekar
article en

Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of PI and cremasteric reflex (CR) in assessing the onset of caudal block. Material and Methods: Using convenience sampling, eligible participants as per the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled. Baseline and post-sedation readings of mean arterial pressure (MAP), PI, and CR were taken, standard general anesthesia protocol was followed, and a caudal block was given. MAP, CR, and PI values were monitored and documented at 1 min intervals for 10 min. The loss of CR and doubling time from baseline PI were considered as the onset of caudal block, and the time required was compared. Results: The mean time to loss of CR and time required for PI to double were 7.17 min and 4.04 min, respectively. The average time of PI doubled post-caudal was significantly lower than the time to loss of CR ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: PI is a more efficacious, non-invasive, objective, and a feasible parameter that gives an earlier indication of caudal block onset. Change in MAP is not proven to be a reliable indicator of the onset of caudal block.

Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & ResearchVol. 0
Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) (IN)
Reduced inequalities
Openalex Percentile: Top 67%
Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
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Prospective observational study to compare perfusion index and cremasteric reflex as indicators of onset of caudal block — Kalyani Nilesh Patil, Anish Kowstubh, et al. · Adesh University Journal of Medical Sciences & Research (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS