Composting Condition of Garden Waste: A Study in Surat City

Surat is one of the fastest-growing cities in India and generates a significant amount of organic waste from its 183 public gardens, yet composting practices have not been fully optimized. The objective of this study was to assess composting conditions in seven gardens across Surat city through a detailed survey. Additionally, garden waste was composted using a composting vessel, and its physicochemical parameters were analyzed. The results showed that small gardens (area < 6000 m 2 ) need to improve their garden waste management by following the proper guidelines of existing composting technology. The physicochemical analysis of the final compost by in-vessel method showed that the average MC was 47.18±3.1%, pH was 7.13±0.03, EC was 2.34±0.11 mS/cm, TVS was 49.61±2.3%, TOC was 27.13±2.3% and TKN was 0.92±0.06%. GI was 106% for Cicer arietinum (Chana) and 130% for Vigna radiata (Moong) seeds. A 62.5% reduction in weight was observed within 30 days. The present study showed that instead of 90‐120 days, compost can be produced in 30 days, which is suitable for agricultural use when compared with Indian compost standards and provides a sustainable solution for the management of garden waste.