A Critical Examination of Advanced Electric Machines and Control Strategies for Electric Vehicles

This article examines recent developments in ad- vanced electric machines and control strategies for electric vehicles (EVs). We begin with a detailed exploration of emerging electric machine topologies, such as dual-stator Vernier PM machines and switched reluctance machines (SRM). Their dis- tinctive characteristics and potential applications in EV propul- sion systems are discussed in depth. Next, we explore advanced control strategies, including vector control, direct torque control, and predictive control, analyzing how these approaches optimize EV performance. Finally, a theoretical analysis of the energy requirements of electric vehicles is presented, high lighting the fundamental equations governing energy management in these systems. .