Resolution of Schwarzschild Singularities: via Atomic-Scale Rebound Forces

Abstract: General Relativity predicts a physical singularity at the center of black holes, where density and spacetime curvature diverge to infinity. This paper proposes a resolution to the singularity paradox by introducing a high-order repulsive potential that becomes dominant at the atomic scale. We demonstrate that this modification, termed the "Atomic Seed" model, preserves standard Schwarzschild dynamics at macroscopic scales, maintaining strict consistency with the 43" per century perihelion precession of Mercury. By arresting gravitational collapse at a finite radius, the model provides a testable prediction for secondary gravitational wave echoes. Key Findings: Thermal Convergence: The internal energy density and temperature of the "atomic soup" converge precisely at the Planck Temperature , providing a physical ceiling to cosmological energy states. Geometric Link: We derive a non-singular metric where the core radius is defined by $r_{seed} = \sqrt[11]{r_s/2}$, ensuring the seed remains microscopic even for supermassive objects. Observational Signature: For a 30 solar mass binary merger, the model calculates a characteristic echo frequency of 20 Hz with a 0.05-second delay, offering a specific pathway for observational verification via LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data. This framework further addresses the black hole information paradox by preserving quantum states at a physical boundary and suggests a "Great Rebound" mechanism as a driver for cosmic inflation. Version 3.0 Updates: Established the Law of Volume Conservation: Defined the "Atomic Seed" as a non-zero physical unit, precluding the existence of zero-volume singularities. Calculated the Neutron Shatter Density: Identified the phase transition threshold at where stellar collapse is arrested by n=11 repulsive stiffness. Resolved the Dark Matter Identity Paradox: Proposed Dark Matter as a galactic lattice of primordial remnants, governed by an Equation of State where w = -1 at the seed boundary. Derived the Nair Core Expansion Law: Demonstrated that black hole cores grow as the cube root of mass ; simulated the Sagittarius A* solar-mass accretion resulting in a 9-meter core expansion. Modified Black Hole Thermodynamics: Updated the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy formula with the Nair Constant to resolve the Information Paradox via physical state retention. Predicted the Caustic Microlensing Spike: Formulated the modified deflection angle identifying a testable high-intensity "flicker" signature for non-singular dark remnants. If you have any questions please refer to my Gmail: [email protected]

Authors

Publication Details

Journal
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-01-29
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18455936
Primary Topic
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
Type
article
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article

Resolution of Schwarzschild Singularities: via Atomic-Scale Rebound Forces

Pranav Binu Nair
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
article

Resolution of Schwarzschild Singularities: via Atomic-Scale Rebound Forces

Pranav Binu Nair
article en

Abstract

Abstract: General Relativity predicts a physical singularity at the center of black holes, where density and spacetime curvature diverge to infinity. This paper proposes a resolution to the singularity paradox by introducing a high-order repulsive potential that becomes dominant at the atomic scale. We demonstrate that this modification, termed the "Atomic Seed" model, preserves standard Schwarzschild dynamics at macroscopic scales, maintaining strict consistency with the 43" per century perihelion precession of Mercury. By arresting gravitational collapse at a finite radius, the model provides a testable prediction for secondary gravitational wave echoes. Key Findings: Thermal Convergence: The internal energy density and temperature of the "atomic soup" converge precisely at the Planck Temperature , providing a physical ceiling to cosmological energy states. Geometric Link: We derive a non-singular metric where the core radius is defined by $r_{seed} = \sqrt[11]{r_s/2}$, ensuring the seed remains microscopic even for supermassive objects. Observational Signature: For a 30 solar mass binary merger, the model calculates a characteristic echo frequency of 20 Hz with a 0.05-second delay, offering a specific pathway for observational verification via LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA data. This framework further addresses the black hole information paradox by preserving quantum states at a physical boundary and suggests a "Great Rebound" mechanism as a driver for cosmic inflation. Version 3.0 Updates: Established the Law of Volume Conservation: Defined the "Atomic Seed" as a non-zero physical unit, precluding the existence of zero-volume singularities. Calculated the Neutron Shatter Density: Identified the phase transition threshold at where stellar collapse is arrested by n=11 repulsive stiffness. Resolved the Dark Matter Identity Paradox: Proposed Dark Matter as a galactic lattice of primordial remnants, governed by an Equation of State where w = -1 at the seed boundary. Derived the Nair Core Expansion Law: Demonstrated that black hole cores grow as the cube root of mass ; simulated the Sagittarius A* solar-mass accretion resulting in a 9-meter core expansion. Modified Black Hole Thermodynamics: Updated the Hawking-Bekenstein entropy formula with the Nair Constant to resolve the Information Paradox via physical state retention. Predicted the Caustic Microlensing Spike: Formulated the modified deflection angle identifying a testable high-intensity "flicker" signature for non-singular dark remnants. If you have any questions please refer to my Gmail: [email protected]

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
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Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research
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