Optimizing Coagulation-Flocculation Processes: Towards Enhanced Efficiency of Industrial Wastewater Treatment Stations

Wastewater treatment facilities at business parks may be optimized with the Box–Behnken design as an experimental tool to define the best combination of parameters with the least experimental trials possible. Keywords: textile wastewater, coagulation-flocculation, heavy metals, optimization using Box– Behnken design, computer modeling, industrial wastewater infrastructure. This paper outlines our use of the design in the optimization of the coagulation-flocculation processes used for heavy metal removal. The study achieved removal efficiencies for arsenic (91.2%), lead (82%), selenium (76.8%), nickel (70%), chromium (56.7%), and cadmium (42%) with optimization of parameters of coagulant dose, flocculant dose, and pH. Optimization improves not only efficiencies then also reduces year to year consumables while optimizing such that the effluent continues to be environmentally acceptable at lower operating costs.