Multivariate optimization strategy for designing a green nanostructured electrocatalyst toward voltammetric oxidation of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug: environmental and biological studies

Mefenamic acid (MA) is described as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. In the study, improved electrooxidation of MA using a nanostructured sensor based on modification of the surface a bare electrode is described. Dysprosium stannate nanostructures (DSN) are used for designing a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE/DSN). The nanostructures were synthesized using an environmentally friendly process and characterized via various techniques. Then, the nanostructures were used to modify the CPE surface. The characterization of the nanostructures was accomplished using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and electrochemical techniques. Next, the nanostructured electrode was applied for electrochemical studies and the analysis of MA. For achieving the purpose, a strategy based on multivariate optimization was performed. The strategy caused to optimize all of the effective variables simultaneously. The voltammetric experiments showed an enhancement response for MA at the surface of CPE/DSN than the CPE. Therefore, linear dynamic range was obtained in two regions containing 0.01–20.0 and 20.0–650.0 μM for MA with 1.44 nM for detection limit. Finally, the suggested procedure was used for the monitoring of MA in complicated samples with reasonable results.