ACCEPT 2.0: A Compilation of X-Ray Gas Properties for Clusters of Galaxies Observed by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory

Abstract Archive of Chandra Cluster Entropy Profile Tables (ACCEPT) 2.0 is an updated library of uniformly produced measurements of 532 galaxy clusters based on Chandra archival data. It contains radial density, temperature, and entropy profiles for 377 galaxy clusters of galaxies, along with integrated luminosities and average temperatures out to 0.4 R 500 for 288 galaxy clusters. It includes both projected and deprojected temperature and metallicity profiles, and therefore enhances the original ACCEPT database, which relied on projected temperature profiles. In addition, it uses background models more detailed than the ones used in ACCEPT. Nevertheless, ACCEPT and ACCEPT 2.0 yield similar results, except for occasional offsets of 20%–40% in electron density resulting from improper conversions of X-ray surface brightness to electron density in ACCEPT. When deprojection results in lower central temperatures, entropy estimates at 10–20 kpc are somewhat lower than in ACCEPT. However, deprojection occasionally produces poor central temperature estimates for clusters with low central surface-brightness profiles, which complicates interpretations of results from automated deprojection pipelines. As in ACCEPT, we classify cluster cores by fitting their inner entropy profiles with a simple power law plus a constant entropy floor K 0 s . ACCEPT 2.0 also provides more robust estimators of entropy at 10 and 20 kpc from the center. We explore relationships between those entropy estimates and morphological parameters, such as surface-brightness concentration, centroid offsets, and power ratios. Among those quantifiers of morphology, we find that surface-brightness concentration is most sensitive to core entropy and can be reliably used to distinguish likely cool-core clusters from non-cool-core clusters.

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Publication Details

Journal
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Published
2026-02-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ae2c5f
Primary Topic
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
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article

ACCEPT 2.0: A Compilation of X-Ray Gas Properties for Clusters of Galaxies Observed by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory

Allesandro Baldi, G. Mark Voit, Dana Koeppe, Rachel Frisbie et al.
The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
article

ACCEPT 2.0: A Compilation of X-Ray Gas Properties for Clusters of Galaxies Observed by the Chandra X-Ray Observatory

Allesandro Baldi, G. Mark Voit, Dana Koeppe, Rachel Frisbie, Megan Donahue
article en

Abstract

Abstract Archive of Chandra Cluster Entropy Profile Tables (ACCEPT) 2.0 is an updated library of uniformly produced measurements of 532 galaxy clusters based on Chandra archival data. It contains radial density, temperature, and entropy profiles for 377 galaxy clusters of galaxies, along with integrated luminosities and average temperatures out to 0.4 R 500 for 288 galaxy clusters. It includes both projected and deprojected temperature and metallicity profiles, and therefore enhances the original ACCEPT database, which relied on projected temperature profiles. In addition, it uses background models more detailed than the ones used in ACCEPT. Nevertheless, ACCEPT and ACCEPT 2.0 yield similar results, except for occasional offsets of 20%–40% in electron density resulting from improper conversions of X-ray surface brightness to electron density in ACCEPT. When deprojection results in lower central temperatures, entropy estimates at 10–20 kpc are somewhat lower than in ACCEPT. However, deprojection occasionally produces poor central temperature estimates for clusters with low central surface-brightness profiles, which complicates interpretations of results from automated deprojection pipelines. As in ACCEPT, we classify cluster cores by fitting their inner entropy profiles with a simple power law plus a constant entropy floor K 0 s . ACCEPT 2.0 also provides more robust estimators of entropy at 10 and 20 kpc from the center. We explore relationships between those entropy estimates and morphological parameters, such as surface-brightness concentration, centroid offsets, and power ratios. Among those quantifiers of morphology, we find that surface-brightness concentration is most sensitive to core entropy and can be reliably used to distinguish likely cool-core clusters from non-cool-core clusters.

The Astrophysical Journal Supplement SeriesVol. 282(2)
Openalex Percentile: Top 68%
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
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