Protective Mechanisms of High-Density Lipoproteins on the Cardiovascular System during Physical Exercise

Numerous epidemiological studies have proven an inverse relationship between the content of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in blood plasma and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) of atherosclerotic genesis. On the other hand, it is well known that regular physical activity is an important component of the treatment of most CVDs and prevents the development of atherosclerosis. Thus, the beneficial effect of physical activity on the cardiovascular system can be largely associated with an increase in the level of plasma HDL under these conditions, changes in their composition and functional properties. The purpose of this review is to discuss possible mechanisms of the protective effect of HDL on the cardiovascular system during physical activity.