El impacto del calentamiento global en los cultivos de frutales y las estrategias de mitigación: una revisión comprensiva

Global warming poses a significant challenge to the agricultural sector, with fruit cultivation being particularly susceptible due to its intricate relationship with specific climatic conditions. The observed increases in global air temperatures, coupled with alterations in precipitation patterns and a higher frequency of extreme weather events, are fundamentally reshaping fruit production on a worldwide scale. This article explores the multifaceted impacts of global warming on fruit cultivation, highlighting key issues such as shifts in phenological phases, declines in crop yields, increased pressure from pests and diseases, and the growing scarcity of water resources. Furthermore, it provides a comprehensive analysis of adaptation and mitigation strategies, encompassing sustainable agricultural practices, the development of climate-resilient fruit varieties, and the implementation of effective water management strategies. Addressing these complex challenges is of paramount importance to ensure the long-term viability and economic sustainability of fruit production in the face of evolving climatic conditions.