Uso de finasterida e minoxidil para o tratamento da alopecia androgenética: uma revisão

Objective: This study aimed to conduct a literature review to investigate the efficacy of Minoxidil and finasteride in the treatment of AGA. Methods: It is a narrative review, where articles published between 2013 and 2023 were searched in the LILACS, SciELO, and MEDLINE databases, prioritizing research published in English. Results: Pharmacological treatment for AGA mainly involves the use of two approved drugs: Minoxidil and finasteride, available in topical and oral forms. Topically applied Minoxidil, used in concentrations of 2% to 5%, has demonstrated efficacy in promoting hair growth by prolonging the follicle growth phase, with higher concentrations being more effective, however, its use may cause cutaneous adverse effects such as irritation and hypertrichosis. Oral Minoxidil, in concentrations of 0.25-5.0 mg, has been considered as a treatment option, allowing for dose adjustments and better patient adherence compared to the topical formulation, but its cardiovascular effects are concerning. Topical finasteride, 0.25-1.0%, is effective but may be associated with hypertrichosis and cardiovascular effects. Its oral form, 1mg/day, is also effective, but its use is restricted to men due to potential sexual and reproductive problems. Studies suggest an association between Minoxidil and finasteride, whether topical or oral, showing superior efficacy to monotherapy. Final considerations: In summary, pharmacological treatment for AGA presents effective options but also potential adverse effects. Combined therapy may be a promising strategy to improve clinical outcomes and patient adherence while reducing side effects, indicating a multifaceted therapeutic approach to androgenetic alopecia.