Phytochemical, Pharmacological, and Therapeutic Benefit of Acorus Calamus(Vacha): A Comprehensive Scientific Review

Acorus calamus, a perennial herbaceous plant with a long history of traditional use, is attracting scientific interest for its diverse bioactive compounds and therapeutic potential. This review investigates its medicinal properties, including neuroprotection, anti-inflammatory effects, and antihyperglycemic activities, primarily attributed to compounds such as α-asarone. A. calamus also has antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi, making it a natural antibiotic. Its antioxidative and cardioprotective properties are promising for cardiovascular health, while its antispasmodic and neuroprotective properties suggest applications in neuromuscular and cognitive disorders. Ongoing research aims to decipher mechanisms, dosing, and safety, bridging traditional practices with modern healthcare options.