Pharmacological Activities and Pharmacokinetics of Rutaecarpine

Rutaecarpine, a representative alkaloid, has been obtained from Euodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth., a well-known traditional Chinese medicine. Research has demonstrated that rutaecarpine possesses a diverse array of pharmacological activities, including exerting impacts on the cardiovascular system, as well as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and hepatoprotective properties. However, as research has progressed, the poor water solubility of rutaecarpine has become a significant limiting factor. This leads to poor absorption in the body after oral administration, resulting in lower free drug concentration and ultimately decreased bioavailability. This comprehensive review of rutaecarpine’s pharmacological profile, pharmacokinetics, and formulation design provides valuable insights for future research and its potential therapeutic applications.