A Decade of Craniosynostosis Surgery in the United States: Trends in Management, Payer Mix, and Cost

From 2016 to 2025, craniosynostosis care shifted toward increased use of minimally invasive strip craniectomy, accompanied by rising SC costs and greater Medicaid representation. Despite these changes, sociodemographic disparities in access to early, minimally invasive repair persist. These findings provide national benchmarks for utilization, payer patterns, and cost to guide clinical practice and policy.