A STUDY ON DEMOGRAPHIC RISK FACTORS CAUSING KIDNEY STONE

Background: Kidney stone disease is a common disease that is estimated to produce medical cost of billions $ per year in different countries which affecting the population with a peak of incidence around the third to fourth decade of life. Its etiology is related to diet, increase urinary solutes and colloids in hot weather, especially excess of mucoprotein, Materials and Methods: A total of one hundred patients suffering from renal stone and hypertension or obesity or both of them. Patients attended Urology Department in Tiktit Teaching Hospital and AL-Harery Teaching Hospital in Medical City, Baghdad. Data were collected through direct interview using a questionnaire designed for patients with kidney stone for this study. A related history was taken and physical examination was done for each patient studied. Results: The present study showed that prevalence of renal stone was more in males than females with frequency of 57 %. The patients with hypertension had the tendency to develop urinary calculi more than the subjects with normal blood pressure as it was concluded by the present study. A BMI gradient trend was observed, with an increasing number of renal stone patients in higher BMI categories, particularly above 30 kg/m², indicating a possible positive relationship between obesity and renal stone occurrence. Conclusions: The present study showed that the peak incidence was in the age group 36-50 years old with frequency of 40% of patients. Kidney stone formation was also related to body mass index, family history, blood pressure and family history.