Fat Embolism Syndrome Associated With Facet Fracture of the Vertebra

While fat embolism commonly occurs following fractures of the long bones and the pelvis, it is also frequently reported after procedures such as hip or knee arthroplasty and intramedullary nailing. Contributing risk factors include obesity, immobilization, and osteoporosis. In contrast, its association with vertebral fractures is exceptionally rare. We hereby report an unusual case of fat embolism following an anterolisthesis and a right facet joint fracture of the C5-C6 vertebra. The review of literature reports only four cases in which the fat embolism was seen associated with vertebral compression or displacement fractures. Fat embolism following an isolated facet fracture of the vertebra has not been reported so far. Through this case report, we address a rare yet important association between fat embolism and vertebral fracture.