VALORIZATION OF AGRO-INDUSTRIAL WASTE: BIOTECHNOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF FERMENTED APPLE PEEL IN THE MODULATION OF DYSBIOSIS AND WOMEN'S HEALTH IN THE CONTEXT OF SUS

Recognized as a critical public health challenge, endometriosis transcends its definition as a mere gynecological condition, manifesting as a systemic inflammatory syndrome that burdens the Unified Health System (SUS) and impairs women's overall functionality. Emerging etiological perspectives locate the disease's aggressiveness within the gut-uterus axis, identifying dysbiosis and "estrobolome" dysregulation, specifically bacterial β-glucuronidase hyperactivity, as mechanisms that sustain hormonal recycling and chronic inflammation. This integrative review (2015–2025) investigated the biotechnological feasibility of repurposing apple (Malus domestica) waste into therapeutic inputs. Screening across PubMed, SciELO, and ScienceDirect databases revealed that agro-industrial fruit by-products act as reservoirs of pectin and ursolic acid. When subjected to solid-state fermentation by Lactobacillus plantarum, these compounds undergo bioconversion, yielding metabolites that inhibit the NF-κB inflammatory pathway and restore the intestinal barrier. We conclude that formulating a symbiotic from this environmental liability aligns with Bioeconomy and One Health principles, offering the SUS a cost-effective, highly scalable prophylactic tool for complementary endometriosis management in Primary Care.