DESIGN AND CHARACTERIZATION OF HYALURONIC ACID-EMBEDDED TRANSDERMAL MICRONEEDLE SYSTEM FOR OSTEOARTHRITIS MANAGEMENT

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, degenerative joint disorder characterized by progressive cartilage erosion, joint pain, stiffness, and inflammation, significantly affecting mobility and quality of life in aging populations. Conventional therapeutic regimens such as oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intra-articular injections provide symptomatic relief but are often associated with systemic side effects, low patient compliance, and invasive delivery protocols. To address these limitations, the present study explores the development of a novel transdermal microneedle patch (MNP) embedded with hyaluronic acid (HA), a biopolymer known for its viscoelastic, anti-inflammatory, and cartilage-protective properties. The formulation was developed using a combination of HA, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone K90 (PVP K90) via a casting and drying method. Comprehensive preformulation studies including solubility profiling, polymer compatibility, viscosity analysis, and pH determination were conducted to guide formulation optimization. The microneedles were evaluated for their morphology, uniformity, mechanical strength, drug-loading efficiency, moisture absorption, and swelling index. Results revealed uniform microneedle geometry, optimal mechanical integrity to penetrate the stratum corneum, and sustained hydration-mediated drug release. The developed HA-based microneedle system presents a minimally invasive, patient-compliant alternative for localized and controlled drug delivery in osteoarthritis therapy. This research underscores the promise of transdermal MNPs as an advanced platform for improving joint health and patient quality of life.